Declarative and non déclarative memory and their relationship with learning

 

The human brain is not only able to control the body, but it is also able to store various data. Among its functions, the memory is the most complex. It is doomed to learning, and also to develop mental abilities.

Definition of memory

Memory is a function of the brain composed of a storage system of informations. Each of these components of this storage group have a capacity and as well as a duration of their own. Scientists classify the memory into three distinct categories: working memory, episodic memory and the long term memory. However, in general, this faculty can be duplicated into declarative memory and a non-declarative memory. These latter summarize the skills of the brain to accumulate data.

Explicit memory is the brain’s capacity to store and recover information and to express them through language. Non-declarative or procedural form as for it concerns memories or know-how accessible in an unconscious way. In fact, contrary to the first form, implicit memory then is not accessible to consciousness. It should be noted that these two types of memories are all used in     skills such as language and motor skills.

The limbic system and learning

Situated between the two sides of the brain, the limbic system takes action in memory more than various behaviors such as stress and aggression or fear. it is more specifically, responsible to connect multiple memory fragments sparse in the brain. Therefore, a lesion of this part causes a disturbance of memories preventing their expression in the form of declarative memory.

The non-declarative memory is directly related to learning. It expresses the languages ​​acquired by the individual by motor gestures. Therefore, the initiation of a person has a technique solicit the use of this procedural memory and not the declarative one. Thus, in a given field, experts will have more control and analysis according to observers or beginners. In order to understand this, the oculography was used. It makes it possible to grasp the mechanisms of learning by focusing on the points of eye fixations of the subject.